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Darwin
Discussion
Creationism,
Evolution, and Intelligent Design
Creationism--Biblical Literalism--supernatural—one time
event—history of the world was thought to be brief—the Greeks, dogs, trees,
etc. Essence precedes forms.
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Genesis 1
American King James Version of the Hebrew and Christian Bible
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1 In the beginning God
created the heaven and the earth. 2 And
the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was on the face of the
deep. And the Spirit of God moved on the face of the waters. 3 And God said, Let there
be light: and there was light. 4 And
God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the
darkness. 5 And God
called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and
the morning were the first day.
6 And God said, Let there
be a firmament in the middle of the waters, and let it divide the waters
from the waters. 7 And
God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the
firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so. 8 And God called the
firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
9 And God said, Let the
waters under the heaven be gathered together to one place, and let the dry
land appear: and it was so. 10 And
God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters
called he Seas: and God saw that it was good. 11 And God said, Let the
earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree
yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, on the earth: and
it was so. 12 And the
earth brought forth grass, and herb yielding seed after his kind, and the
tree yielding fruit, whose seed was in itself, after his kind: and God saw
that it was good. 13 And
the evening and the morning were the third day.
14 And God said, Let there
be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night;
and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years: 15 And let them be for
lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light on the earth: and it
was so. 16 And God made
two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light
to rule the night: he made the stars also. 17 And God set them in the
firmament of the heaven to give light on the earth, 18 And to rule over the
day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God
saw that it was good. 19 And
the evening and the morning were the fourth day.
20 And God said, Let the
waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that has life, and fowl that
may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven. 21 And God created great
whales, and every living creature that moves, which the waters brought
forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind:
and God saw that it was good. 22 And
God blessed them, saying, Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in
the seas, and let fowl multiply in the earth. 23 And the evening and the
morning were the fifth day.
24 And God said, Let the
earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping
thing, and beast of the earth after his kind: and it was so. 25 And God made the beast
of the earth after his kind, and cattle after their kind, and every thing
that creeps on the earth after his kind: and God saw that it was good. 26 And God said, Let us
make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over
the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and
over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.
27 So God created man
in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female
created he them. 28 And
God blessed them, and God said to them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and
replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the
sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moves
on the earth. 29 And
God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing seed, which is on the
face of all the earth, and every tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree
yielding seed; to you it shall be for meat. 30 And to every beast of
the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing that creeps on
the earth, wherein there is life, I have given every green herb for meat:
and it was so. 31 And
God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. And
the evening and the morning were the sixth day.
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1 Thus
the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them. 2 And on the seventh
day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day
from all his work which he had made. 3 And God blessed
the seventh day, and sanctified it: because that in it he had rested from
all his work which God created and made.
4 These
are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created,
in the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens, 5 And every plant of
the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it
grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain on the earth, and there was
not a man to till the ground. 6 But
there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the
ground. 7 And the
LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his
nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul. 8 And the LORD God
planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had
formed. 9 And out
of the ground made the LORD God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the
sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the middle of the
garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil.
15 And
the LORD God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it
and to keep it. 16 And
the LORD God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden you may
freely eat: 17 But
of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, you shall not eat of it: for
in the day that you eat thereof you shall surely die.
18 And
the LORD God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make
him an help meet for him. 19 And
out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field, and every
fowl of the air; and brought them to Adam to see what he would call them:
and whatever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof. 20 And Adam gave
names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the
field; but for Adam there was not found an help meet for him. 21 And the LORD God
caused a deep sleep to fall on Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his
ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof; 22 And the rib,
which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her to
the man.
23 And
Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall
be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man.
24 Therefore
shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall join to his wife:
and they shall be one flesh.
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Evolution--natural
Mutability
of species, mutations, “nature loves to tinker,” gradual steps
“Old
forms will be supplanted by new and improved forms.”
(males
are more attractive)
Natural selection
Survival
of the fittest-- competition between individuals for limited resources,
Social Darwinism is a belief,
popular in the late Victorian era in England, America, and elsewhere, which
states that the strongest or fittest should survive and flourish in society,
while the weak and unfit should be allowed to die. The theory was chiefly
expounded by Herbert Spencer, whose ethical philosophies always held an
elitist view and received a boost from the application of Darwinian ideas
such as adaptation and natural selection.
Entropy
Intelligent Design is the assertion
that "certain features of the universe and of living things are best
explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural
selection.”
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